Showing posts with label Young Adult. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Young Adult. Show all posts

Monday, 25 May 2015

Slow Books

A note from Candy: I was truly wowed by the last book I read by Nicky Singer  -  Knight Crew, a retelling of the Arthur-Guinevere romance set in a gritty council estate and populated by heart-breaking teenagers. When Knight Crew came out, Nicky actively urged readers not to buy the book from Amazon. Last week I stumbled on Nicky's Kickstarter campaign to publish her play, Island, as a novel. I backed it right away, of course. I invited Nicky to tell us the story behind the Kickstarter - yes, selfishly, I'm hoping this will persuade everyone else to back the book - I WANT TO READ THAT BOOK. But it won't be published unless more people know about its potential brilliance. What led Nicky, an accomplished, award-winning author, to seeking this alternative route to publication is a testament to the blistering changes that have transformed Publishing. Support Nicky's Kickstarter Campaign here.

By Nicky Singer


My new novel Island is, apparently, a ‘quiet’ book.


In its previous incarnation, as a play at the National Theatre, it was quite a noisy thing. It played to sell-out audiences in the Cottesloe, did a thirty-school London tour and enjoyed a raft of four-star reviews.

From Island, the National Theatre Production.
Photo: Clare Park

This is what the Independent said about it:
The National Theatre’s terrific new play for over-eights is set on what we call Herschel Island in Northern Canada (the Inuit have another, much older name for it). The one-hour play explores the impact of global warming – think Frozen Planet brought to life for children with characters the audience identify with and care about. Island explores the conflict between scientific and metaphysical truth, colonialism, the exploitation of other people’s environment, the role of religion and the power of storytelling. So it isn’t short of issues for children to think about afterwards, but at the same time it avoids any sense of worthiness and stands up well as a piece of compelling, moving drama.

I never planned to re-write it as a novel but I failed to factor in the speed of the melting ice-caps.

The book is set in Herschel Island in Northern Canada.
Photo: Cameron Eckert

Five people rang me up in the same week: our young people need that story more than ever, they said. Don't you understand? They have to have the chance to engage with what’s going on in the arctic. Do it. Do it now!

So I did. And I fell in love with my characters (a grumpy Western boy, a local island girl, an ice bear) all over again.

I liked the extra space in the book. My day-job is as a novelist. I believed I made a pretty good fist of the re-write. In fact, I rather thought the last 100 pages were some of the best I’d ever written.

My long-term publisher disagreed. ‘It’s too quiet,’ they said, ‘for the current market’. I’m not sure this particular publishing term has made the OED yet but, roughly translated, I think it means: ‘this book will not make a shed-load of money’. Leaving aside the fact that, if publishers really knew what makes a shed-load of money, eight of them wouldn’t have turned down Harry Potter, I think, in Island’s case, they are probably right.

From Island, the National Theatre Production.
Photo: Clare Park
Island is not a fast-paced Boys Own Adventure Story (this is apparently the current market approved fad) but an adventure of a rather different kind – one that takes you (like the Inuit) travelling in dreams. Besides, being quiet isn’t Island’s only sin. It is also, apparently, ‘too literary’ for the current climate. We’ll come back to that.

But let’s start with the money.

When I published my first novel (an adult title To Still the Child ) in 1992, I met my editor, and also the Managing Director of the company. These were the people in charge. If the company had a publicist I didn’t meet him/her. I didn’t meet anyone from sales.

Nowadays, it’s all rather different. Small teams of editorial staff have to ‘pitch’ ideas to the marketing people. Lots and lots and LOTS of marketing people. Then the marketing people decide whether the title will – or won’t - make a Shed-Load of Money. For publishing is no longer some Gentlepersons Club full of bookish folk. Of course not. It’s a Global Business. So – fair enough about the money. Right? Well – yes and no.

As Ursula Le Guin put it, in her blistering address to the US National Book Awards last year there is a difference between ‘the production of a market commodity and the practice of an art’. She goes on to wonder at us – the writers and creators - ‘who let profiteers sell us like deodorant and tell us what to publish and what to write’. She finishes by demanding, not shed-loads of money – but freedom.


There is a difference between the production of a market commodity and the practice of an art

What might this freedom look like for someone like me? To be able to publish a powerful, meaningful story in powerful, meaningful language. For young people. Yes – young people. ‘Too literary’ you see, appears to mean the language I use is (to use current publishing jargon) a little ‘tricky’ for these apparently lesser mortals.

I’ll give you an example. I was asked to take the word ‘bonnet’ out of my last novel, The Flask, on the basis that no self-respecting 12 year old would know such a word. The publisher was unmoved by my assertion that, at the same age, I was required to be able to spell and define words like ‘sinecure’.

Does this matter? I think so. Robert MacFarlane has just written a whole book – the wonderful Landmarks - about what the fading away of nature words means to our appreciation and understanding of the natural world. Because, quite simply, we think in language. It there isn’t a word for something, or that word is not in our vocabulary, it impairs our ability to know - and also to communicate. And no, Beatrix Potter would not get away with soporific today. She might even have trouble with lettuce.

So what do you do when you book is too quiet and too literary for your long-term publisher?

Try a new publisher, of course.

Only that’s not quite so simple these days either. Because of Branding. Yes – how is New Publisher to position you in the market if you are so closely associated with Old Publisher? Branding costs, you see. Shed-Loads of Money. And this book, although it’s a great book and beautifully written (we did mention that, didn’t we?) is just a little too quiet for the market right now.

This is the juncture when your agent is running out of patience and you are running out of cornflakes.

From Island, the National Theatre Production.
Photo: Clare Park


It seemed to me that I had three options: 1) lie down and die (only I’m not very good at that) 2) lie down and die (I seriously considered it) 3) put up or shut up.

I decided on 3) and began exploring crowdfunding platforms. Crowdfunding is not to be confused with vanity publishing – although many people do confuse them.

Crowdfunding is actually more akin to eighteenth century subscription publishing. Vis you would find out how many friends and family wanted to buy your new collection of poetry, ask for money upfront and print the relevant number of copies. Only now – with the internet, the concept has the potential (emphasise potential) for global reach.

Enter Kickstarter. One of several on-line platforms where you can hawk your creative wares.

I did some homework (not least with a friend of mine who raised £10,000 to make a film about the plight of illegitimate children in Morocco which the BBC had turned down) and, just over a week ago, launched my first Kickstarter campaign.

Nicky Singer
Photo by Michael Thorne/Achuka

The experience has been hideous and exhilarating in equal measure.

THE HIDEOUS THINGS


  • Feeling a failure. Because good books (and – some - really good books) are still conventionally published. If Island was really good, quiet or not, they would have published it – wouldn’t they?
  • Feeling let down by my publisher (who I really like) and feeling that I was letting down my (top flight) agent (who I really like).
  • Having to self-promote. Talk oneself up. Puff oneself. Again and again and again. I’m probably more naturally bullish than the average Brit. But even so. It’s humiliating.
  • Asking people for money. Ditto.
  • Giving five months of my life to things I’m no good at eg mailchimping/box filling/video making.
  • Giving five months of my life to anything that isn’t actually writing.
  • Having to get to grips with technology, in particular social media.
  • The fact that, even if I reach my target, I will not be paid. Not for writing the book. Not for running the campaign. The money will simply cover production and distribution costs.

THE EXHILARATING THINGS


  • Having to get to grips with technology – especially having to update my website and make it mobile friendly (note to other writers: Google is in the process of refusing to support – ie list – non-mobile friendly sites. Get to it! I can recommend fantastic, affordable web-designer for same.)
  • The incredible generosity and support of my friends and family.
  • The first time a total stranger pledged on Kickstarter and told me why.
  • The day that legendary writer Geraldine McCaughrean (The White Darkness is a long-term favourite of mine) lent personal support with an unasked-for donation.
  •  The fact that, thanks to Kickstarter (supposing I reach my target) I will be sending books not just to the UK but to Canada (the home of the story) and America and Holland.
  • The real sense of community around the issues of the Arctic and children’s literature.
  • Being offered jobs! A composer getting in touch to invite me to speak on a panel, a dance organisation asking me to share in a creative project.
  • The sense of power. Taking control of the means of production. Putting my money where my mouth is.
  • The sense of relief. I can never really move on to a new project if there’s an old one still in my in-tray. Or brain.


This is the first time I’ve laid this out as a list. Looks like – on balance – the good outweighs the evil on all fronts. Except the money one. How artists make a living in ‘the current climate’ – well, perhaps someone else would like to blog about that.

Meanwhile - would I do it again? Well, there’s still a long way to go in this campaign before I know the answer to that. The way Kickstarter works is that no money is paid out unless the project realises 100% of the target amount.

In a just over a week I’ve raised slightly shy of £2,500. That’s pretty humbling. On the other hand, this is the ‘easy money’ (those incredibly supportive friends).

For the crucial additional £3,000 I need to reach out and touch the wider community. People I don’t actually know. People prepared to take risks. People who Venn diagram caring about the planet with caring about literature for young people.

I know they exist. Perhaps one of them is you? In which case, thank you. Thank you if you donate. Thank you if you just pass the message on. Especially if you do Twitter well. Which I don’t. I have about 130 followers of whom at least two seem to be porn stars…

Thomas Sangster starring in BBC
production of Feather Boy
If we do meet the target, the physical production of the book will be overseen by Charles Boyle of the award-winning – but tiny – independent press cbEditions. He wants me to come up with an imprint name and I was going to choose ‘Firebird Books’ – partly because the firebird story was so important in my book Feather Boy and partly because it suggests rising from the ashes.

But I’ve changed my mind. I’m going to call it Slow Books. Like Slow Food, and even Slow TV now, Slow Books will be about those quiet, deep things beneath the current market shout of the world. And I have this quiet dream that, one day, Slow Books will gather together writers from all over the world with such stories to tell. And then, maybe, there will be whole shelves of Slow Books. And people who care about such things will walk past the glittery branded covers knowing that, on the Slow Books shelf, they will find something worth dreaming about.

What are you waiting for? Kickstarter is the new Pre-orderLet's support Nicky's Kickstarter. Go.

If you were interested in the issues raised by this article, you should go read Crowded House: Why I Crowdfunded My Book by Alice Jolly on her experience raising £10,000 to publish Dead Babies and Seaside Towns with Unbound. Also this interview with the inspirational Sarah Towle on the Kickstarting of her history app.


Saturday, 1 February 2014

The Invention of the Teenager

By Candy Gourlay

Apparently, teenagers were invented by Americans in the 1940s.


Trailer for Matt Wolf's documentary Teenagers (2014): "A lot of people try tlevio shape the future. But it's the young ones who live in it."


I learned this nugget while trawling through podcasts the other day. This was from a fantastic Film Programme tracing the rise (and fall) of teenagers in film.

And here I was thinking that teenagers have existed since the beginning of time.


Joan Crawford's teenage character in the silent film Our Dancing Daughters (1928) goes to a wild party, dances in her underwear and knocks back alcohol ... but the film is clearly a warning from a moralising older generation.


The Andy Hardy series with Micky Rooney and Judy Garland (1937) were family films, not specifically targeted at teen viewers 


The explanation is interesting: until the 1940s, teenagers didn't have any money and therefore no power. But post war, they became a consumer demographic, with money to spend.

The Film Programme played a clip of Samuel Z. Arkoff, co-founder of American International Pictures, who spotted the gap in the market.
I saw an opportunity that nobody else seemed to have seen ... that was the people who were going to the movies were young people. We started to make pictures for teeneagers, by teenagers, about teenagers, and starring teenagers. 
Arkoff, says film critic Kim Newman in the podcast, "invented the future of the film industry".  Researching teen tastes, the film makers discovered that teenagers liked monsters and drag-racing. Suddenly Hollywood was churning out teen movies in their hundreds.

POPULAR CULTURE


Says Newman, the teenager "(was) a figure that spread American popular culture all around the world."



"Hey Johnny, what are you rebelling against?" "Whaddaya got?" - Marlon Brando goes all cool and dangerous in The Wild One (1953). Films like these attempted to describe young people from an adult sensibility.



Though Fifties film featured characters who walked and talked like real teenagers, young people were still portrayed as dangerous and in need of control. In Blackboard Jungle (1955) Glenn Ford plays a teacher who must contend with the anti-social behaviour of hunky teenagers like switchblade-weilding Vic Morrow (People my age will be excited to see the star of the TV series Combat).


I Was a Teenage Werewolf (1957) - the title, in first person, is a far cry from the patronising adult point of view in Our Dancing Daughters. Here are scenes from the film mashed to the soundtrack of Michael Jackson's Thriller  (People my age will be excited to recognise Michael Landon who played the dad in the TV series Little House on the Prairie)


James Dean at his most delicious in the iconic Rebel Without a Cause (1955). He doesn't look too rebellious in that tie.


Did this heightened awareness of teenage culture feed literary sensibilities, giving rise to the rebel-without-a-cause characters of The Catcher in the Rye (1951)? (Seriously, I don't know the answer.)

The book business acknowledging youth culture followed in cinema's wake. By the Sixties, the teenager became a literary demographic when  the Young Adult Library Services Association coined the term 'Young Adult' to represent the 12 to 18 age range - representing "mature contemporary realism directed at adolescents" like S.E. Hinton's The Outsiders.

GOLDEN AGE


Apparently there was a golden age of young adult literature in the Seventies, the era of Judy Blume and Robert Cormier.

I was surprised to discover this. The first time I heard the term 'Young Adult' was in the 2000s, when I became serious about writing for children and began reading books like How I Live Now by Meg Rosoff and Junk by Melvin Burgess.

Perhaps I was not aware of the category because I wasn't a young adult at the time. Or maybe I never read a Judy Blume because I was living in a country where nice girls didn't read books that started with the sentence:
Sybil Davison has a genius I.Q. and has been laid by at least six different guys. From Forever by Judy Blume
Today, we are apparently living in another golden age of YA - but the difference between the Judy Blume golden age and the Twilight/Hunger Games golden age can be measured in dollar signs.
The book world began marketing directly to teens for the first time at the turn of the millennium. Expansive young adult sections appeared in bookstores, targeting and welcoming teens to discover their very own genre. J.K. Rowling's well-timed Harry Potter series exploded the category and inspired a whole generation of fantasy series novelists, Cart said. The shift led to success for Stephenie Meyer's Twilight vampire saga and Suzanne Collins' futuristic The Hunger Games. From A Brief History of Young Adult Fiction by Ashley Strickland



American Graffiti (1973) - by the Seventies teen culture had been around long enough for films to be nostalgic about it.


More nostalgia in Grease (1978) - featuring some of the oldest teenagers in the world


EASILY BORED


The teenager as consumer is an interesting proposition, given their famously short attention spans. That first Judy Blume golden age created a rash of "single problem novels" but teens quickly tired of the formulaic stories. Which led to the rise of genre fiction of the Eighties, such as R. L. Stine's Fear Street and adolescent high drama of Sweet Valley High

In cinema, teen movies of the Eighties were liberal in a way that would be unacceptable in the 2000s with underage sex and abortion, according to journalist Hadley Freeman, who was featured on the podcast because she's writing a book about film in the 1980s.



Porky's (1982) - one of a rash of films in which directors waxed lyrical about losing their viriginity. The losing of virginity still makes pots of money.


The Breakfast Club (1985) - brought together five of the 'Brat Pack' - Emilio Estevez, Ally Sheedy, Molly Ringwald, Judd Nelson and Anthony Michael Hall.


Heathers (1988) - teen films had been around so long, here was a film that tried to subvert the genre (it's Mean Girls with a body count!)


In the Nineties, teenagers became The Audience. If you wanted to make a film, says Kim Newman,  you made it as a teenage movie. So genres - cop films, horror, sci fi - and even classics were remade as teen films.


Heath Ledger and Joseph Gordon Levitt in 10 Things I Hate About You (1999) - a take on Shakespeare's Taming of the Shrew


Cruel Intentions (1999) starring Buffy, was a take on Les Liaisons Dangereuses. Sex, drugs and excess.


Romeo and Juliet (1996) starring Leonardo Dicaprio and Claire Danes (Claire Danes!) gives the bard a hip, modern reboot


NEW ECONOMICS

But at the turn of this century film economics changed. Hollywood now makes what they call 'tent-pole' films - blockbusters that have to hold up the finances of the parent network. Which means, says Freeman, "Teen films now are really superhero films. Studios aren't making films just for teenagers, they want films for twenty-something guys!"

I suppose book publishers, like movie companies, also have to follow the money. Hey, have you heard of the new book category "New Adult"?  A New Adult book is basically a Young Adult book with sex and cursing thrown in, writes Lauren Sarner.  And don't forget lucrative.

Recently, I met up with a young writers group. They were prolific writers  and readers. Published writers - they published fan fiction via Wattpad.

'I read hundreds of books a month,' one girl told me. She didn't read books like you buy from a bookshop, or even on an ereader. She read free books on Wattpad written by young people like her.

She is one of 18 million readers and writers who use the publishing platform dubbed 'the most active social site you never heard of'. Wattpad's creator is Allen Lau whose profile says 'don't be surprised if I am reading one of your stories'.
"Storytelling has been a social experience from the get go," he says. "Think of a town square where everyone would congregate to share ideas and news, or even stories told around the campfire. Look at Charles Dickens and the way he hooked people by serializing his stories, a trend that’s re-emerging on Wattpad today. Great stories bring people together." Read the article
Wattpad is an amazing advocate for reading, as long as you don't mind giving your writing away for free.

EVOLUTION 


Looking back, it is fascinating to see our evolution as storytellers for teenagers.

We started out with the desire to control them, to tell them what was good for them, we saw them as misguided delinquents who needed a firm hand.

Then we empathised with youth culture and tried to represent their issues as problems.

Later we fell in love with the Teenage Voice, adopted Coming of Age as a highly evocative story arc.

Right now perhaps with our dystopias and fantasies we are re-imagining the world through the prism of youth.

Today, teenagers have surpassed their storytellers.

They are the masters of new media that many of us are struggling to understand. The nature of the internet means they are not only consumers of stories created for them but through social media and platforms like Wattpad they tell their own stories, have their own voice.

Nobody has to invent them anymore. Perhaps it's us -- we who want to write teen fiction --  who need to reinvent ourselves.




In Project X (2012) teenagers trash a house with an over the top party. The future of teen cinema? Only if they can watch it. Project X was rated R.




My new teen novel, Shine, was published in September. Read this wonderful Guardian review.

You might also want to read:
The Writer is You
Multicultural is Not About Difference But Inclusion


Friday, 15 June 2012

Congratulations to Patrick Ness and Jim Kay

By Candy Gourlay

A Monster Calls
My favourite image from this amazing novel.

A Monster Calls combines an extraordinary idea, a powerful story, and truly terrific illustration to create a winner. When I saw it listed for both the Carnegie AND the Greenaway, it obviously deserved both prizes and I wondered how CILIP where going to deal with it. Well they have - it's a double win for the book, and a second Carnegie in a row for Patrick. Patrick greeted the news with genuine disbelief.

Jealous? Well maybe I immediately had thoughts of putting illustration into my own forthcoming novel. But no other book so deserves both prizes. Congratulations, you two. I love A Monster Calls and weirdly feel like it was ME the reader who won! Additional bittersweet celebrations that yet again the wonderful Siobhan Dowd's voice sends echoes to us from the beyond.  And congratulations to Walker's Denise Johnson Burt, the editor who wouldn't let a good story go to waste.

To celebrate, here is some footage of Patrick Ness's recent appearance at the London Book Fair - I've been holding onto it for a future discussion of Young Adult writing. But there's no time like the present! You can also read this brilliant Guardian article on how they made the book.




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